From your earlier post you stated that the large terminal fried when you connected the alternator.
The fuse link wire at the fuse link connector(yes the terminal block across from the egr solenoid mounted near the battery) has several fuse link wires to it. It will be the connector with the largest wires going to the battery except for the large wire going to the starter.One connector goes to the battery(unfused), One(fused link wire) to the alternator, And at least Two (fused link wires) to the fuse box.
These wires have the same metal inside as fuses. They are designed to burn away to keep the harness from going up in smoke. The inside can burn away without the shielding burning off. If you pull on the wire and it stretches, the fuse link wire inside is burned away.
If the fuse link to the alternator is burned, the alternator will not charge the battery. Due to having no connection to it.
However you stated that the connector at the alternator burned away while trying to reconnect it. With engine off it should not have had that much current through it unless the alternator diodes or windings were shorted. Or it was running and the output wire was shorted to ground.(kind of hard to do). With it not turning there shouldn't have been anything strong enough to short that terminal.
First with everything disconnected from the alternator. Turn key on/engine off. The alternator light should be out. If not the brown wire is shorted to ground somewhere. If the light was out. Key on engine off. Jumper the BROWN wire only to ground at the alternator connector. The alternator light should come on. If not no power to bulb, blown bulb, or wiring between bulb and alternator.
If that is OK. The smaller red wire at the alternator is supposed to connect to the battery via a wire going to the starter. If it is not there, it may have been routed to the large alternator terminal. Either way it needs to be hot not grounded with key off.
If you got that straight. It is time to inspect the large alternator wire from the alternator to the fuse link terminal block.
You said after the original frying of the terminal, when you had the car running, the alternator was noisey. Sounds like that wire is shorted to ground. And the alternator is trying to output to a shorted wire.
Find the short. Follow the wire from the alternator to the terminal block. A good place for them to short out is at the alternator bracket. Look for the wire being pinched between the bracket and the timing cover.
If you find the short the fuse link at the terminal block is also fried and another will have to be spliced on there at the terminal block before the alternator will work.
[This message has been edited by cmechmann (edited 12-27-2013).]